G/L Account Master Records

Business transactions are posted to accounts and are managed via accounts. You must create a master record for each account you need. It contains information that controls the entry of business transactions in an account and the processing of data.

The G/L accounts record the business transactions in totals form. In the standard system, all business transactions that are posted to G/L accounts are updated in the general ledger. Additionally, you can define further ledgers which are also posted to. For this, you must use the Special Purpose Ledger system. Information on additional ledgers can be found in FI-SL Special Purpose Ledger.

The following sections contain basic information on G/L account master data as well as explanations of the settings that you make in Customizing. More detailed information on how to make these settings can be found in the General Ledger Accounting Implementation Guide. You can also find out how to create, display, change, delete, or lock general ledger master data.

FI General Ledger Accounting

The central task of G/L accounting is to provide a comprehensive picture for external accounting and accounts. Recording all business transactions (primary postings as well as settlements from internal accounting) in a software system that is fully integrated with all the other operational areas of a company ensures that the accounting data is always complete and accurate.

The SAP FI General Ledger has the following features:

• Free choice of level: corporate group or company
• Automatic and simultaneous posting of all sub-ledger items in the appropriate general ledger accounts (reconciliation accounts)
• Simultaneous updating of general ledger and cost accounting areas
• Real-time evaluation of and reporting on current accounting data, in the form of account displays, financial statements with different financial statement versions and additional analyses.

Essentially, the general ledger serves as a complete record of all business transactions. It is the centralized, up-to-date reference for the rendering of accounts. Actual individual transactions can be checked at any time in realtime processing by displaying the original documents, line items, and transaction figures at various levels such as:

• Account
• Journals
• Summary/balance transaction figures
• Balance sheet/profit and loss evaluations

SAP Transaction Code For Recurring Tasks: Print Labels

PBAK SAPMPAP0 Recurring Tasks: Print Labels

SAP Transaction Code For Recruitment info system

PBAJ SAPMPAP0 Recruitment info system

FI, Vendor Master Data Archiving: Proposal List

Tick the General Master Records to let the system check whether record can be archived.

Tick FI data

Tick Detail log

The rest Untick to let the system check all the FI and MM links.

Do not archived if there are still open items.

Description
Program SAPF058V allows you to automatically set archivable vendor master data for archiving. The same checks are carried out as with archiving.

Firstly a proposal list is issued. You can set and save the archive flag in this list.

If the program is started in the background, the archive flag is set automatically for all archivable data.

Archiving itself is only permitted for master records where the archiving flag is set. If a proposed archivable data record is to actually be archived, the archiving flag must be set.

You can restrict the quantity of master records to be checked by selecting :
- Vendor numbers
- Minimum number of days in the system
- Company codes, if FI data is to be considered
- Purchasing organization, if MM data is to be considered

System criteria (see below)
Requirement
Program modes
The program can be run in three different modes:

1. Only general data is set for archiving (A segments)
2. Only application-specific data is set for archiving (B segments)
3. General and application-specific data is set for archiving
Check whether data can be archived

Mode 1: The A segments selected must be set for archiving, and no dependencies to B segments may exist. For example, no company code data may exist for a vendor if the general data is to be archived.

Mode 2: The application-specific data must satisfy the relevant application criteria:

FI: Company code data is archivable if no special G/L figures or transaction figures and no open
or cleared items exist. In addition, the archive flag must be set at company code level.

MM: Purchasing organization data is archivable if the archive flag is set at this level.

Mode 3: The A or B segments selected must be set for archiving. The A and B segments of a record are deleted if the archive flag is set in the A segment. The B segment only of a record is deleted if the archive flag is set in the B segment (in this case, the A segment is only copied to the archive). In addition, the application-specific data must also satisfy the criteria from mode 2.

The A segments are archived if all of the dependent B segments are archived and the vendor is not referred to anywhere else. If this is not the case, the A segments are copied into the archive.

For all modes: Vendors cannot be archived if they are referred to on a general/company code level from other vendors (for example, financial address or alternative payee). This check can be deselected however (use the field "FI link validation off") if you know that all the vendors that refer to the first vendor are to be archived in this or a following run.

Output
According to the selection, a list of the general and/or application- specific data that can be archived is output. You can change and save the archive flags in the list.

If "Vendors that cannot be archvd" is set on the selection screen, the non-archivable data is also listed with the reason that it could not be archived.

A warning may be issued for the general data: In this case, the A segment record was not deleted from the database, instead, it was copied to the new archive. This can lead to different versions of the a vendor in the database and the archive and must be noted for future reloads. Usually, a warning or an error in the general data can be explained in more detail with the help of the
application-specific details.

If the archive flags are saved from the first list, or if the program is started in the background, a second list is output. All of the successful and failed updates of the archive flags are listed here.

Other
If you are starting this program for the first time and you want to carry our the FI link validation (standard setting), you have to start program SAPF047 first, in order to generate the validation information (table KLPA).

Deactivation of Depreciation

Deactivation of Depreciation

We have a scenario wherein Fixed Asset is no longer in Use but not yet retired.

We require that the system should stop calculating Depreciation from the date/month from which the Asset is not in Use.

Is there any setting for that.

In the time-dependent screen of the asset master record, there is an option for asset shutdowns. Create a new interval and mark the asset for shutdown. If you don't have this setting, otherwise select this option from spro.

You can avoid depreciation on asset by putting the standard depreciation key of '0000', but be sure before you put it because once you put it I dont think it can be changed to the earlier state.

How should I change legacy asset accumulated depreciation?

How should I change legacy asset accumulated depreciation?

Due to inconsistencies between GL and AA Accumulated Depreciation, you tried using transaction AS92 but the field Accum Deprecitaion is in Gray (display only).

It give a message Transfer Date XX.XX.XXXX is earlier than the last day of previous year

Check the transfer date in the IMG. Legacy data transfer is normally performed at the end of a previous fiscal year or within a current year. For example: if the trasfer date is set to 6/30/2001 and I'm in fiscal year 2003 [fiscal year 2002 is already closed], I will get the same message " Transfer date is earlier than last day of previous year - the previous year meaning 06/30/2003 and transfer date set 06/30/2001. Check to ensure that you want to transfer at the end of a fiscal year. If not, you have to change the trasfer date which is already set-up in the system. Once the transfer date is corrected, the accumulated depreciation field is open for changes.

In this case the transfer date is on 31/8/02. Last day of previous financial year is 30/01/02. Current depreciation has been posted to this asset (from 30/9/02 onwards) but I need to change the accum depreciation on 31/8/02.

I have encountered this problem before. These are the steps that I did:

(1) Always assume AA figure is correct as AA is very controlled system and sub-ledger. Should whatever posted in AA will be posted to G/L. But in G/L , we can always do the adjustments.

(2) Compare program RAGITT01 (click posted depr.) and RFBILA00. Check for accumulated depreciation accounts.

Then, do the adjsutments below:

(3) TCode ABF1

DR/CR Accumulated depr
(Transaction code: 500)
DR/CR Depr. expense
(Cost center needed)

The DR/CR is depending on whether the accum. should be increase/ decrease.

Is there a quick way to change items previously expensed to a cost center into a fixed asset?

Is there a quick way to change items previously expensed to a cost center into a fixed asset?

First create asset master record thru' AS01 with the necessary cost center. Then go to TCode F-02

DR Asset number
(Transaction type: 100)
CR Expense acct
(Cost center)

When the posting involves expense acct, system will prompt for cost center that need to be charged.Therefore, for this case you can reverse back the cost center in-charge before. So the cost center assigned in asset master record will be charged during running the periodic processing.

Fiscal year and controlling area

Fiscal year and controlling area

Can I have a company code with fiscal year january to december and another company code with fiscal year april to march in the same controlling area?

If so, does the period "mapping" happen automatically?

As per Sap standards, if one has to assign more than one company code to a controlling area, then for all the company codes should have the same fiscal year and the same chart of accounts.

One cannot assign more than one company code to a controlling area with different fiscal year.

How do you set a default cost center and/or internal order per business area through OKB9?

How do you set a default cost center and/or internal order per business area through OKB9?

On 4.6x and above enter the cocd and account and select the account assignment detail field as 2 (Business area is mandatory).

Select the line you just entered and click on the left side of your screen "detail per business area/valuation area".

Can EBS post to a cost center and income statement G/L Account?

I am trying to post directly to a cost center instead of using a clearing acct. The clearing acct is determined via user exit and acct modifier.

How would I post directly to a cost center?

Please see OSS note 494777 and 155596 for explanation of the function exit_rfebbu10_001 (enhancement FEB00001) for EBS processing... You might also want to reference OSS note 0124655 that describes supported functions of the EBS...

We use a custom "Z" table (this data is treated as transportable configuration) that contains our cost center values for posting to P&L accounts processed in EBS... this table supplies the values in the user-exit (above)...

Recurring invoices

Recurring invoices

Is there a functionality for posting recurring AP invoices? Like a process that could run daily and post invoices with certain parameters? What configuration steps need to be undertaken?

Use FBD1 to create the recurring document and F.14 to run the recurring entry program.

OBC1 is likely the only config required...this is used to set up the run schedules.

Is there a way to use this daily? it looks like that it for monthly process (in FBD1 you specify one date per month to be run at).

If you config the run schedule to be daily it will run on a daily basis ...take a look at OBC2...

After setting up the process, will it automatically generate Batch Input session daily, or one per month on the specified date, or it has to be triggered by the F.14 transaction by a user?

You can get the basis guy to help you. They can define jobs to schedule to run F.14 daily. If you have the required authorization, you can do it with transaction SM37WIZ, F.14 is tied to program 'SAPF120'.

Cancel a proforma Invoice

Several users created proforma invoices referenced to a sales order. Now we need to delete the order but because a subsequent document (proforma invoice) exist, we cannot delete the sales order. Does anyone know how to get around it?

If you want to cancel a proforma invoice, goto Tcode VF02, enter your proforma invoice number.

Click on the menu (1st menu item).

Then confirm.

After you confirm the proforma invoice, the status of the proforma invoice will become Cancelled.

Substitution in Accounting Document

I have configured the automatic payment processing. But I am faced with a problem in that I want the cheque number that is created, in the assignment (allocation) field of the payment document so that I can use it in Bank Reco and clearing.

I think I can used Substitution rules.

Substitution rules can be written for any fi doc getting created.
The Creation of rules are very user friendly.
In IMG path is financial accounting global setting - documents - line items - define substitutions

OSS notes Substitutions/Validations 42615 and 100261 and 20637 are helpful.

Sap Help documentation is available. But substitution is fairly easy. Just go as per the steps and you will get it.

I do not know how you are going to get the check number from. I tried to see whether it is available in any table but couldn't find it.

RFCHKU00
This is a readymade program available from 4.0c onwards to copy
check number in assignment /ref. field.

Transaction : MR11 - GR IR Clearing Account Maintenance

You use GR/IR account maintenance if you have open items on the GR/IR account that you do not expect to be able to clear against a GR/IR in the future. E.g. you have a GR-entry on the account and you know that an invoice will never be booked for the purchase order.

It is a good transaction to clear the Gr/IR balance. It puts a debit/credit to the original account assignment which makes the adjustments a lot easier.

It can be problematic when the PO relates to stores stock as it can make the closing store value go to zero which then in turn gives you problems with costs to work Orders. It also can be a problem if the account assignment has been subsequently closed.

Best advice is to run MR11 as often as possible, at least monthly.

What is Controlling Area and Cost Center?

What Controlling is all about?

Controlling precedes CCA

The controlling area is the highest organizational level within CO. It must exist before Cost Center Accounting (CCA) can be used. A controlling area will be created on a one-to-one basis with the company code created in FI. This does not facilitate cross-company code accounting in CO. In order to facilitate cross-company code accounting, more than one company code is usually assigned to the controlling area.

Note the difference between cross-company code accounting and intercompany accounting.

Cross-company code accounting involves the allocation of costs across cost centers (or responsibility centers) existing in different company codes within CO. Intercompany accounting involves the recording of intercompany receivables and
payables in FI.

There are several factors considered when determining whether one or more controlling areas will be used. The major factors considered are whether cross-company code accounting is desired, and whether more than one chart of accounts is needed at the controlling area level. In addition, currency issues may also be considered.

Step 1 : Create Controlling Area:

Menu Path
IMG:Controlling > General Controlling > Organization >
Maintain Controlling Area T-Code : OKKP

On the "Choose Activity" pop-up window select the activity "Maintain Controlling Area" by double clicking on the corresponding line.

On the Change View Basic data: Overview screen: Click on the button.

On the "New Entries: Details of Added Entries" screen: Click on the button

On the resulting Pop-up, enter your Company Code
Hit to return to the main screen.

Note that the selection of this option has brought in a large number of Company default values to the input screen.
·CoCd -> CO area choose "Controlling area same as company code" from the pull-downmenu (click on the little icon at the very end of the row).

·CCtr std. Hierarchy STD_01 (say)
Hit to have SAP check the entry.
A pop-up box will come up with Standard Hierarchy STD_01 does not exist. Should system STD_01 be created as a standard hierarchy

Click to have the hierarchy created.

Click on the button to complete the transaction and return to the previous screen

On the Change View Basic data: Overview screen:

Select the line containing the newly create CO area

Double click on the "Activate components/control indicators" line (in the window on your right)

On the Change View Activate components/ control indicators

Details screen, enter:
Click on the button
· Fiscal year from Current year
· Cost Centers Component active (choose from the pull-down menu)
Other components will be activated in later exercises
· Select "Cost objects" by clicking on the check box
· Select "All currencies" by clicking on the check box (it may already be checked by default).
[Enables Controlling for all currencies]
· Select "Variances" by clicking on the check box

Click on the icon to complete the transaction

Click on the button to return to the previous screen

Note: You are also able to set Cost Center Accounting active and specify the respective settings through the following menu path: IMG > Controlling > Cost Center Accounting > Activate Cost

Center Accounting in Controlling Area.

On the Change View Basic data Overview screen:
Double click on the "Assignment of company code(s)" line (in the window on your right)
Click on icon.
Enter your company code or select it from the pull-down menu and hit . The system adds the

company name
Verify that the correct company code is pulled into the table.
Click to complete the transaction.
Go back to the IMG.

Step : 2 : Maintain Number Ranges

In CO, number ranges can be assigned to groups. This makes the process of creating number ranges more efficient by allowing several types of transactions to use the same number range.

IMG:Controlling > General Controlling > Organization > Maintain Number Ranges for Controlling

Documents T-Code : KANK

Now you need to define the Number Ranges for transaction group Useg values should for the FOUR groups for which number ranges will be assigned:

Text for Group Name From To Current
Number Number Number
Planning Transaction
Actual Transactions
Periodic Postings
Interface

On the Number Ranges for CO Document screen, enter:
·Controlling Area your controlling area
Click on the button

On the Maintain Number Range Groups screen:
Scroll down and ensure that all available CO transactions are listed as Not assigned

Use the Menu Path: Group > Insert
On the Insert Group Pop-up window:
Enter the data for a Group from the Data parameters table above
Hit after filling the data fields in the Pop-Up
Repeat this block of instructions until all FOUR groups have numbers assigned

Now Assign transaction types to each Group

To complete this , the following values should be used for the FOUR groups for which transactions types are to be assigned:

Planning Actual Transaction Periodic Interface
Transaction Transaction Posting
On the Maintain Number Range Groups screen:
Move to the area of Not assigned transactions
Double click on a targeted transaction to be selected. It will change color once selected.
Select all of the transactions to be assigned to a given group.
Move to the area listing the Groups.
Click on the box for the group to which the transactions are to be assigned.
Click on the icon on the toolbar to make the assignment.

Repeat this block of instructions until all FOUR groups have had their transactions assigned.
Click on the icon to complete the transaction and exit.

After the above go to Cost center Accounting

What's a Cost Center ?
They are buckets where costs can be captured ie an organizational unit wherein it defines the location of cost incurrence.

Now you go to Master Data and create the following :

1. Cost Center Hierarchies:
>Standard Hierarchy
Menu Path:Accounting > Controlling > Cost Center Accounting > Master Data > Standard Hierarchy >

Change
>Functional Cost Center Group

2.Cost Centers
>For Production, Process, and Non-Production etc
Menu Path:Accounting > Controlling > Cost Center Accounting > Master Data > Cost Center >

Individual Processing > Create
Menu Path:Accounting > Controlling > Cost Center Accounting > Master Data > Cost Center Group > Create

3.Primary Cost Elements:
>By definition, must correspond to previously established G/L expense accounts.
Primary cost elements in CO mirror P&L accounts set up in the FI module (general ledger). They are used as the vehicle to transfer costs from the FI module into CO. If there is no primary cost element set up for a specific P&L account on the general ledger, the costs will not flow to CO.

For this reason, in practice, all P&L accounts on the general ledger are usually set up as primary cost elements in CO.

IMG:Controlling > Cost Element Accounting > Master Data > Cost Elements > Automatic Creation of Primary and Secondary Cost Elements > Make Default Settings

4.Secondary Cost Elements:
>Primary for allocation
Secondary cost elements do not necessarily mirror G/L accounts created in FI. They are created and used solely in the CO module to facilitate the movement of costs within CO (allocation, settement, etc.).
Menu Path:Accounting > Controlling > Cost Center Accounting > Master Data > Cost Element > Individual Processing > Create Secondary

5.Activity Types:
Activity types represent cost drivers in CO. They can be used as a basis for cost allocations within the CO module.

Menu Path:Accounting > Controlling > Cost Center Accounting > Master Data > Activity Type > Individual Processing > Create

See Activity groups also

6.Statistical Key Figures:
> say Number of employees
> Square meters if you want to allocate say floor space

Statistical key figures represent static data in the CO module. They can be used as a basis for moving costs in CO (allocations, etc.) when actual data or activity type data is not available or too difficult to obtain.

Menu Path:Accounting > Controlling > Cost Centers > Master Data > Stat. Key Figures > Individual Processing > Create
see Statistical Key figure groups also.

Settting up the FI Validations

Settting up the FI Validations

You can use additional validation to supplement the existing SAP logic to fit you into your businness needs.

For e.g. to allow postings from company code 0001 to business area AA only.

GGB0 - To maintain the validations

Validation - Enter a validation name e.g. VBUS

Applicaion Area - SAP module e.g. FI

Calling Point - Dependent upon the application area that is selected.

0001 - Document Header - validate enteries at document header, e.g BKPF table

0002 - Line Items - check line item entris within a document, e.g. BSEG table

0003 - Complete Document - check settings for the whole documents.

e.g. Validation step 001
Allowed company code '0001' to post to business area AA only. 'FI00' checks that line item is from FI.
If checks failed, the error message number 14 is displayed to stop the transaction.

Prerequisite
$BUKRS = '0001' AND
$GLVOR = 'FI00'

Check
$GSBER = 'AA'

Message
Type E No. 14 - Business Area not allowed for company 0001
Output fields 1 - BSEG - GSBER 2 - BSEG - BUKRS
3 - 4

OB28 - Define Validations for Posting

CC CallPnt Validation Description Activtn Level
0001 2 VBUS Business Area Validation 1

Activtn Level - 0 - Not Active 1 - Activated 2 - Activated for all except batch input

GGB4 - Manage the activation of all validations in the SAP system.

Guide for Testing SAP Financial

TESTING

Unit Testing
When you test every single document is called unit testing.

String Testing
One transaction full activity is called string testing . For example Vendor invoice, goods received and vendor payment.

Integration Testing
It is purely with other modules and we have to check whether the FI testing is working with other related modules or not.

Regression Testing
Testing for whole database. Bring all the data into another server and do the testing is called regression.

UAT
When we test any particular document with the user and if it is ok immediately we have to take the signature on the document, which is signed off and can be forwarded to the immediate boss. There are some steps to be followed when we go for user acceptance testing.

Transaction – Script Writing – Expected Results – Compare with Actual Results

TPR (Transaction Problem Reporting)
While doing the user acceptance testing if we get any problems then there are some methodologies to be followed according to the company’s policy and normally as a tester we always need to write on Test Script itself.

Key Features
Understanding the business scenarios
Organization Structure to incorporate the tune of the script.
Preparation of test scripts
Execute and record results to see if it is fine before going to approval.
Make changes to your test script if required.

What is Test Script (Scenario Testing)
Header Data
Step in Process
Transaction Code / Program (FB60)
Menu Path
Description
Field Data and actions to complete
Expected Results
Actual Results
TPR
Closing Period
F.19 Clearing GR/IR Account
F.13 Adjustments GR/IR Account

Using of these above two accounts will help us in clearing the balances and adjustments to those respective clearing accounts so that the GR/IR account will be zero balance and the balances will appear in respective reconciliation accounts accordingly the balances will be carried forwarded to next fiscal year.

GR/IR Clears the following Documents
GL Document
Customer Documents
Vendor Documents
Assignment Field is important in any document (ZUONR), Amount (DMBTR)

Foreign Currency Valuation
Lowest Value Method, If we are in loss then only we will account for it.

GL Accounts which are important in Testing
Enjoy Transaction - FB50
Normal Transaction - FB01
Document Parking - FV50
Post with Clearing - F-04
Incoming Payment - F-06
Outgoing Payment - F-07

Document Related
Reset Cleared Items - FBRA
Parking Document Posting - FBVO
Reversal Documents - F-14
Company Code Clearing A/C
(Trial Balance purposes) reversal - (FBUB)

Clearing Account
Partial clearing Invoice - 100 - Open Item
Paid - 70 - Open Item
Balance - 30

In Partial Clearing you can see 100 and 70 are cleared line items and 30 as balance and if it is in Residual you can only 30 as balance as it creates new line item and you can’t see the other cleared line items.

As no company will use residual clearing as it affects on ageing reports.

Open Items in Foreign Currency in all Modules GL/AP/AR - F.05
Master Data

Company Code
Currency
Only Balances in local currencies
Reconciliation Account Type

Year End Scripts
Re Grouping Receivables / Payables - (F101)

Bad Debts Provisions – Scripts
We assume that the customer has not paid at the end of the year you doubt whether this receivable will ever be paid. So you make a transfer posting for the receivables to an account for individual value adjustments using special GL Indicator E and Transaction Code F-21

Carry forward Balances
Sub Ledgers and General Ledger balances to be forwarded to next Fiscal Year

Accounts Payables
Vendor Down Payments
Invoice
Parking
Reversal
Outgoing Payments
Automatic Clearing
Manual Clearing
Advance (Down Payment)
Post with Clearing
Post without Clearing
Reset Clearing
Carry forward
Regrouping
Foreign Currency Valuations

Accounts Receivables
Customer Down Payments
Invoice
Parking
Reversal
Incoming Payments
Manual Clearing
Advance (Down Payment)
Post with Clearing
Post without Clearing
Reset Clearing
Carry forward
Regrouping
Foreign Currency Valuations

SAP Transaction Code(TCode) For Advance Tax Return

F.12 SAPMS38M Advance Tax Return

SAP Transaction Code(TCode) For G/L: General Ledger from Doc.File

F.11 SAPMS38M G/L: General Ledger from Doc.File

SAP Transaction Code(TCode) For G/L: Chart of Accounts

F.10 SAPMS38M G/L: Chart of Accounts

GR/IR Clearance Account in SAP system

GI/IR clearing account is value based or quantity based?

Please find details for the GR/IR Clearance account in SAP system:

GR/IR Clearing Account Maintenance

Quantity differences between goods receipt and invoice receipt for a purchase order result in a balance on the GR/IR clearing account.

- If the quantity invoiced is larger than the quantity received, the system then expects further goods receipts for this purchase order to clear the balance.

- If the quantity received is larger than the quantity invoiced, the system then expects further invoices for this purchase order to clear the balance.

You can also clear differences for delivery costs. If no more goods or invoices are to be received, you must clear the balance manually. This can be done in different ways:

- You can return the extra goods to the vendor.

- You can cancel the invoice and post a corrected invoice or a credit memo for the surplus posted quantity.

- You can clear the GR/IR clearing account manually.

Maintaining the GR/IR Clearing Account

The GR/IR clearing account is usually cleared at the end of a period or fiscal year for that order items that no further goods receipts or invoices are expected for.

1. Choose Logistics -> Materials Management -> Logistics Invoice Verification -> GR/IR Account Maintenance -> Maintain GR/IR Clearing Account.

The GR/IR Account Maintenance screen appears.

2. Enter data as required on this screen in the Document header data frame.

3. In the Selection frame, you choose various selection criteria for the transactions for which you want to post the differences are available for the following selection fields. You maintain them in the user master.

4. Choose the processing type:
- Automatic clearance
- The Automatic clearance function is intended for processing in the background.
Choose Program -> Execute in background.
- Prepare list
- Choose Execute.
- The selection screen appears.

5. On the selection screen, the individual purchase order items that have quantity variances and match your selection are now listed. Select the order items that you want to clear.

6. Clear the GR/IR clearing account for the selected purchase orders by choosing List -> Post clearing.

Account Maintenance Document

Document that displays the quantities of the debit or credit of a material in GR/IR clearing account maintenance.

If you clear quantity differences between the goods receipt and invoice receipt for a purchase order using account maintenance, the system produces an account maintenance document.

You can branch from the account maintenance document to the following accounting documents, assuming that they exist:
- Accounting document
- Profit center document
- Special ledger document
- Material ledger document

SAP Step By Step and What is Credit Limit Check

By Allabaqsh

Follow these steps:

1. Go to IMG - enterprise structure - definition - financial accounting - define credit control area.

2. Assignment of company code to credit control area & sales area to credit control area.

3. Go to OVAK select ur sales document type and in the check credit column choose from A B or C. D is for automatic credit control for which you have to maintain the credit group and risk categories.

4. In FD32 you select your customer and click on STATUS icon and press enter. here u maintain the credit amount allowed. but this is done by the Finance people.

5. Now when you create the sales order and if the amount exceeds the credit limit then u will get the message as you maintained in the TC OVAK. Normally the system starts doing credit checks from the second sales.
order.

What are the different types of credit checks?

By Sunilmadho

Credit Check can be :
1) Simple Credit Check
2) Automatic Credit Control

Automatic Credit Control can be at various levels :
1) Order
2) Delivery
3) Goods Issue

Automatic Credit Check is of many types :
1) Static
2) Dynamic
3) MaximumDocument Value
4) Maximum Open Items in percentage
5) Oldest Open Item in number of days
6) Crtitical fields change
7) Highest dunning level, etc.
You can create more.

Credit Check happens only in SD module, never in FI. Because the stage of the check is in the sales cycle, which exists in SD. FI guys will check the credit master sheets of the customer, the MIS, the analysis etc, review the credit limits of customers. But the check will happen only in SD, while creating order, delivery or doing the goods issue.

SAP Transaction Code(TCode) For Export Objects to cFolders

CFE02 CFX_BI_BOM_EXPO Export Objects to cFolders

SAP Transaction Code(TCode) For Export Documents to cFolders

CFE01 CFX_BI_TAB_TO_C Export Documents to cFolders

SAP FI/CO Certification Sample Questions

Caution: more than one answer may be correct.
Please mark ALL correct answers.

Question:
Which of the following statements are correct?

A More than one chart of accounts can be created for each client
B The chart of accounts contains all the G/L accounts, vendor accounts and customer accounts
C More than one company code can be allocated to the same chart of accounts
D The chart of accounts controls all the customising settings in the R/3 system
E All accounts within a chart of accounts must have the same tax code

Question:
What status reports does Cash Management and forecasting include?

A. Cash management position
B. Liquidity forecast
C. Credit limit report
D. G/L account balances
E. Bill holdings

Question:
Which of the following are clearing procedures in accounts receivable?

A. Incoming payment
B. Down payment request
C. Credit memo
D. Transfer posting

Question:
When creating an Overhead Cost Order, the first order information which must be entered is:

A. Order status
B. Order type
C. Settlement type
D. Curreny
E. Classification code

Question:
When creating an Overhead Cost Order, the settlement rule must be entered in the control data.
Which settlement receivers are available for internal orders?

A. Cost center
B. Orders
C. General ledger accounts
D. Asset
E. Vendor

Question:
In Controlling, a distinction is made between master data, planning, actual data and the information system.
Which of the following master data belongs to Controlling?

A. G/L account
B. Work center
C. Cost center
D. Activity type
E. Supplier

Question:
Withing Overhead Cost Controlling activities are calculated. A Sender/Receiver relationship exists. However, not all Sender/Receiver combinations are allowed.
Which of the following combinations make business sense?

A. Sender. Cost Center, Order, Project
Receiver. Cost Center, Order, Project
B. Sender. Order
Receiver. Cost Center, Project
C Sender. Cost Center
Receiver. Cost Center, Order, Project, Cost Object

Question:
Period closing activities are also performed in Controlling. This is dependent on certain prerequisites. Which of the following are MINIMUM criteria before it makes sense to carry out period closing?

A. The posting period has been closed.
B. Materials have been withdrawn.
C. Personnel costs have been incurred.
D. Overhead has been incurred.
E. An order was closed.

SAP Financials

SAP Financials

It is a service that provides predictable financing. Being able to predict overall IT cost can help companies simply their budget. Other benefits of SAP Financials can include competitive finance rates, optimized cash flow and accelerated ROI. This service covers the entire SAP solution from hardware to implementation. this service give the entire information of the Company.

MySAP ERP Financials - New General Ledger

With the release of mySAP ERP, SAP introduced the New General Ledger (GL). The New GL contains a number of useful features including multiple ledger reporting and document splitting with all resulting data contained within the one module. The New GL also facilitates a faster closing process. In this online session, you will gain an understanding of the new features on offer and options for implementation.

Migrating to the New General Ledger in sap

Migrating to the New General Ledger: A Three-Phase Approach

By selecting the option to upgrade to SAP’s new mySAP ERP General Ledger (G/L) structure, you must understand this is a full-blownconsulting project, and it should be treated as such.

MySAP ERP 2005 comes with several new tools to help you migrate your financial records from the classic G/L structure to the new mySAP ERP G/L functionality. I’ll describe those tools and how they are used within the three-phase upgrade project you will need to execute. The migration tools, found in the 2005 IMG, consist of work lists, a migration plan, splitting simulation tools, and result reporting. The sidebar, “Upgrade Options,” has more information on your upgrade options by release.

When migrating to the new mySAP ERP G/L, keep in mind this important fact: The migration process is not just a plug-and-play modification that you can complete over a short period of time. This project requires several different project phases. Each phase — data migration, testing procedures, and final data certification — requires extensive planning, data verification, and final approval prior to beginning the next phase or completing the project.

SAP FICO minimal configuration for MM posting

There are many SAP Material Management (MM) learners who face the problem in their MM configuration learning process that they can’t post any MM document, even if their MM configuration has been done correctly. It is because they have lack of knowledge in configuring Financial & Controlling (FICO) module as they have never learned it specifically. It can be very frustrating to solve that problem. To help your learning process, we provide a collection of videos that show how to configure SAP FICO module to allow MM module posting. Learning process has never been this easy before.

Belajar SAP FI-CO (Financial dan Controlling)

Di dunia accounting, systems pelaporan pada dasarnya dibedakan menjadi 2 bagian besar; management accounting dan financial accounting. Dua-dua nya mempunyai objective yang berbeda dan cara pengukuran dan standard yang berbeda.
Management accounting (controlling) itu deal dengan systems performance, pengukuran seberapa efektif suatu systems. Standardnya ditentukan sendiri oleh user, terserah bagaimana user menghitung dan men-set up standardnya, bisa berbeda2 antara satu company dengan company yang lain.

Sedangkan financial accounting, adalah systems pelaporan keuangan yang nantinya akan diberikan kepada pihak ketiga. Kalo di sini, standardnya udah di tentukan, jadi bakalan sama cara penghitungannya di semua company.
Financial accounting sebagai alat komunikasi antar data keuangan/aktivitas perusahaan dengan pihak-pihak yang berkepentingan dengan data-data/aktivitas tersebut. Setiap perusahaan mempunyai Financial report yang bertujuan menyediakan informasi yang menyangkut posisi, keuangan, kinerja serta perubahan posisi keuangan suatu perusahaan yang bermanfaat bagi sejumlah besar pengguna informasi dalam pengambilan keputusan secara ekonomi. Financial report harus disiapkan secara periodik untuk pihak-pihak yang berkepentingan antara lain, masyarakat dan pemerintah, pemasok dan kreditur, pemilik, manajer perusahaan, investor, pelanggan dan karyawan.Kreditur menggunakan data keuangan untuk mengevaluasi kemampuan perusahaan dalam membayar kembali hutang dan bunganya. Pemilik perusahaan menggunakan data keuangan perusahaan untuk menaksir kondisi keuangan perusahaan dan memutuskan apakah sahamnya dijual atau ditahan. Sedangkan manajemen perusahaan memperhatikan dan memenuhi segala peraturan penyusunan laporan keuangan.

Sistem aplikasi SAP terdiri dari sejumlah modul yang terintegrasi penuh, dan menjangkau seluruh aspek dalam manajemen bisnis. Sistem SAP dikembangkan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan yang meningkat dari organisasi komersial maupun non-komersial yang menginginkan tercapainya efektivitas dan efisiensi dalam berorganisasi.

Modul-modul Financial dan Controlling yang terdapat didalam SAP sbb:
1. FI-Financial Accounting, Software bisnis SAP ditujukan untuk menyediakan pengukuran secara kontinu terhadap profitabilitas perusahaan. Modul FI juga mengukur kinerja keuangan perusahaan, berdasarkan pada data transaksi intenal maupun eksternal.Modul FI menyediakan dokumen keuangan yang mampu melacak (mengaudit) setiap angka yang terdapat dalam suatu laporan keuangan hingga ke data transaksi awalnya.
2. CO-Controlling, Fungsi dari modul CO adalah untuk mendukung empat kegiatan operasional: Pengendalian capital investment, Pengendalian aktivitas keuangan perusahaan, memonitor dan merencanakan pembayaran, Pengendalian pendanaan terhadap procurement, pengadaan dan penggunaan dana di setiap area, Pengendalian biaya dan profit berdasarkan semua aktivitas perusahaan
3. IM-Investment Management, Fungsi dari modul IM ini overlapping dengan fungsi yang dijalankan oleh modul TR, namun modul IM lebih spesifik ditujukan untuk menganalisis kebijakan investasi jangka panjang dan fixed assets dari perusahaan dan membantu manajemen dalam membuat keputusan.
4. EC-Enterprise Controlling, Tujuan dari modul EC adalah untuk memberikan akses bagi Enterprise Controller kepada Information Warehouse mengenai hal-hal berikut: Kondisi keuangan perusahaan- Hasil dari perencanaan dan pengendalian perusahaan, Investasi, Maintenance dari aset perusahaan, Akuisisi dan pengembangan SDM perusahaan, Kondisi pasar yang berkaitan dengan pengambilan keputusan, seperti ukuran pasar, market share, competitor performance, Faktor-faktor struktural dari proses bisnis, seperti struktur produksi, struktur biaya, financial accounting dan profitability analysis.
5.TR-Treasury, Modul TR berfungsi untuk mengintegrasikan antara cash management dan cash forecasting dengan aktivitas logistik dan transaksi keuangan.

Karena pentingnya fungsi dari financial accounting dan controlling tersebut di atas maka kami pandang perlu untuk mengadakan pelatihan SAP FI-CO yang murah dan dapat dijangkau bahkan pelatihan akan diadakan secara online.

How to became FI-CO Consultant Expert in 3 months

Banyak yang bertanya, berapa lama untuk menjadi consultant expert,
selalu saya bilang antara 3 sampai 6 bulan apabila anda punya
kesempatan dan kemauan.
saya ambil contoh, kenapa perusahaan menetapkan masa percobaan
selama 3 bulan? dan semua karyawan baru pasti akan berusaha segiat-
giatnya untuk bisa lolos masa 3 bulan tersebut. Kalau dalam 3 bulan
kok masih belum ngerti juga, berarti memang kesempatan yang
diberikan salah orang. :)
tapi kalau terlihat ada progress, maka biasanya di perpanjang sampai
6 bulan. Jadi inget dulu waktu pertama kali kerja di Starko, masa
percobaan sudah lewat tapi surat pengangkatan tak kunjung turun,
ternyata saya dalam 3 bulan pertama menjadi karyawan telaDan dan
juga menjadi karyawan telaTan :)

Kesempatan itu ada dua sementara kemauan cuma ada satu. kesempatan
mendapatkan ilmu dan kesempatan mengaplikasikannya. sedangkan
kemauan yah cuma kemauan untuk belajar. saya belum temuin orang yang
ngga punya kemauan untuk mengaplikasikan ilmunya alias mau
nganggur..hehehe

Nah, bagaimana untuk menjadi FI-CO COnsultant Expert dalam 3 bulan.
Berikut ini langkah-langkah yang harus ditempuh untuk dapat menjadi
FI-CO Consultant Expert

Month 1
Step 1 : Watch SAP Computer Based Training Video SAP
System Management - System Administration Basic & SAP System
Management - System Administration Basic Advanced User + CCMS
Step 2 : Study And Practice The Training Manual (9 set)
Step 3 : Watch SAP Computer Based Training Video Shipping
Clerk, SOP and Structure OP
Step 4 : Study And Practice The Training Manual AA, AP,
AR, CO-CCA, CO-IO, COPA, CO-PC and GL


Month 2
Step 5 : Walk Through SAP Q&A Material
Step 6 : Browse Configuration Quick Notes
Step 7 : Study The SAP Real-Life Blueprint Documentation
(AA, AP, AR, CO dan GL)

Month 3
Step 8 : Study The FI/CO Popular Interview Questions And
Answers
Step 9 : Tips To Behave Like An Experienced Consultant In
The Job With Other Consultants
Step 10 : Repeat All The Above Steps For Once
Step 11 : Now Consider Yourself As An Experienced SAP
Consultant And Start Applying For A SAP Job Using Our SAP FI/CO
Sample Resume!

Jadi, jangan lewatkan kesempatan emas untuk register "Watch SAP
Computer Based Training Video SAP System Management - System
Administration Basic & SAP System Management - System Administration
Basic" pada hari Jumat ini, karena itu Step 1 untuk menjadi Expert
di module SAP apa saja.

Nah, kemarin ada yang merasa dirinya "belum apa-apa", nih saya kasih
kisi-kisi Step 9... dua saja yah ..yang ada relevansinya dengan
tulisan saya ini.

"If you are struggling in FI module in front of others just tell
them you have been so busy with CO module for quite sometime that
you forget some of the FI module functions. If you are struggling in
CO module instead, tell them the other way around. This is a very
valid reason in SAP workplace which are even used by senior
consultants"

"Talk about the limitations on previous versions of SAP like 4.6c
and 3.0. This will give an impression that you have been in the
industry for quite sometime working with older versions of SAP. One
popular limitation in 3.0 is the menu style which is not the tree
view. It is like the conventional menu which appears on top of the
screen."

Nah sekarang kesempatan pertama sudah ada di depan mata, tinggal
kemauan anda untuk mau belajar yang harus di "cari".

Belajar SAP FI-CO (Financial dan Controlling)

Di dunia accounting, systems pelaporan pada dasarnya dibedakan menjadi 2 bagian besar; management accounting dan financial accounting. Dua-dua nya mempunyai objective yang berbeda dan cara pengukuran dan standard yang berbeda.
Management accounting (controlling) itu deal dengan systems performance, pengukuran seberapa efektif suatu systems. Standardnya ditentukan sendiri oleh user, terserah bagaimana user menghitung dan men-set up standardnya, bisa berbeda2 antara satu company dengan company yang lain.

Sedangkan financial accounting, adalah systems pelaporan keuangan yang nantinya akan diberikan kepada pihak ketiga. Kalo di sini, standardnya udah di tentukan, jadi bakalan sama cara penghitungannya di semua company.
Financial accounting sebagai alat komunikasi antar data keuangan/aktivitas perusahaan dengan pihak-pihak yang berkepentingan dengan data-data/aktivitas tersebut. Setiap perusahaan mempunyai Financial report yang bertujuan menyediakan informasi yang menyangkut posisi, keuangan, kinerja serta perubahan posisi keuangan suatu perusahaan yang bermanfaat bagi sejumlah besar pengguna informasi dalam pengambilan keputusan secara ekonomi. Financial report harus disiapkan secara periodik untuk pihak-pihak yang berkepentingan antara lain, masyarakat dan pemerintah, pemasok dan kreditur, pemilik, manajer perusahaan, investor, pelanggan dan karyawan.Kreditur menggunakan data keuangan untuk mengevaluasi kemampuan perusahaan dalam membayar kembali hutang dan bunganya. Pemilik perusahaan menggunakan data keuangan perusahaan untuk menaksir kondisi keuangan perusahaan dan memutuskan apakah sahamnya dijual atau ditahan. Sedangkan manajemen perusahaan memperhatikan dan memenuhi segala peraturan penyusunan laporan keuangan.

Sistem aplikasi SAP terdiri dari sejumlah modul yang terintegrasi penuh, dan menjangkau seluruh aspek dalam manajemen bisnis. Sistem SAP dikembangkan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan yang meningkat dari organisasi komersial maupun non-komersial yang menginginkan tercapainya efektivitas dan efisiensi dalam berorganisasi.

Modul-modul Financial dan Controlling yang terdapat didalam SAP sbb:
1. FI-Financial Accounting, Software bisnis SAP ditujukan untuk menyediakan pengukuran secara kontinu terhadap profitabilitas perusahaan. Modul FI juga mengukur kinerja keuangan perusahaan, berdasarkan pada data transaksi intenal maupun eksternal.Modul FI menyediakan dokumen keuangan yang mampu melacak (mengaudit) setiap angka yang terdapat dalam suatu laporan keuangan hingga ke data transaksi awalnya.
2. CO-Controlling, Fungsi dari modul CO adalah untuk mendukung empat kegiatan operasional: Pengendalian capital investment, Pengendalian aktivitas keuangan perusahaan, memonitor dan merencanakan pembayaran, Pengendalian pendanaan terhadap procurement, pengadaan dan penggunaan dana di setiap area, Pengendalian biaya dan profit berdasarkan semua aktivitas perusahaan
3. IM-Investment Management, Fungsi dari modul IM ini overlapping dengan fungsi yang dijalankan oleh modul TR, namun modul IM lebih spesifik ditujukan untuk menganalisis kebijakan investasi jangka panjang dan fixed assets dari perusahaan dan membantu manajemen dalam membuat keputusan.
4. EC-Enterprise Controlling, Tujuan dari modul EC adalah untuk memberikan akses bagi Enterprise Controller kepada Information Warehouse mengenai hal-hal berikut: Kondisi keuangan perusahaan- Hasil dari perencanaan dan pengendalian perusahaan, Investasi, Maintenance dari aset perusahaan, Akuisisi dan pengembangan SDM perusahaan, Kondisi pasar yang berkaitan dengan pengambilan keputusan, seperti ukuran pasar, market share, competitor performance, Faktor-faktor struktural dari proses bisnis, seperti struktur produksi, struktur biaya, financial accounting dan profitability analysis.
5.TR-Treasury, Modul TR berfungsi untuk mengintegrasikan antara cash management dan cash forecasting dengan aktivitas logistik dan transaksi keuangan.

Karena pentingnya fungsi dari financial accounting dan controlling tersebut di atas maka kami pandang perlu untuk mengadakan pelatihan SAP FI-CO yang murah dan dapat dijangkau bahkan pelatihan akan diadakan secara online.

Belajar SAP FI-CO (Financial dan Controlling)

Di dunia accounting, systems pelaporan pada dasarnya dibedakan menjadi 2 bagian besar; management accounting dan financial accounting. Dua-dua nya mempunyai objective yang berbeda dan cara pengukuran dan standard yang berbeda.
Management accounting (controlling) itu deal dengan systems performance, pengukuran seberapa efektif suatu systems. Standardnya ditentukan sendiri oleh user, terserah bagaimana user menghitung dan men-set up standardnya, bisa berbeda2 antara satu company dengan company yang lain.

Sedangkan financial accounting, adalah systems pelaporan keuangan yang nantinya akan diberikan kepada pihak ketiga. Kalo di sini, standardnya udah di tentukan, jadi bakalan sama cara penghitungannya di semua company.
Financial accounting sebagai alat komunikasi antar data keuangan/aktivitas perusahaan dengan pihak-pihak yang berkepentingan dengan data-data/aktivitas tersebut. Setiap perusahaan mempunyai Financial report yang bertujuan menyediakan informasi yang menyangkut posisi, keuangan, kinerja serta perubahan posisi keuangan suatu perusahaan yang bermanfaat bagi sejumlah besar pengguna informasi dalam pengambilan keputusan secara ekonomi. Financial report harus disiapkan secara periodik untuk pihak-pihak yang berkepentingan antara lain, masyarakat dan pemerintah, pemasok dan kreditur, pemilik, manajer perusahaan, investor, pelanggan dan karyawan.Kreditur menggunakan data keuangan untuk mengevaluasi kemampuan perusahaan dalam membayar kembali hutang dan bunganya. Pemilik perusahaan menggunakan data keuangan perusahaan untuk menaksir kondisi keuangan perusahaan dan memutuskan apakah sahamnya dijual atau ditahan. Sedangkan manajemen perusahaan memperhatikan dan memenuhi segala peraturan penyusunan laporan keuangan.

Sistem aplikasi SAP terdiri dari sejumlah modul yang terintegrasi penuh, dan menjangkau seluruh aspek dalam manajemen bisnis. Sistem SAP dikembangkan untuk memenuhi kebutuhan yang meningkat dari organisasi komersial maupun non-komersial yang menginginkan tercapainya efektivitas dan efisiensi dalam berorganisasi.

Modul-modul Financial dan Controlling yang terdapat didalam SAP sbb:
1. FI-Financial Accounting, Software bisnis SAP ditujukan untuk menyediakan pengukuran secara kontinu terhadap profitabilitas perusahaan. Modul FI juga mengukur kinerja keuangan perusahaan, berdasarkan pada data transaksi intenal maupun eksternal.Modul FI menyediakan dokumen keuangan yang mampu melacak (mengaudit) setiap angka yang terdapat dalam suatu laporan keuangan hingga ke data transaksi awalnya.
2. CO-Controlling, Fungsi dari modul CO adalah untuk mendukung empat kegiatan operasional: Pengendalian capital investment, Pengendalian aktivitas keuangan perusahaan, memonitor dan merencanakan pembayaran, Pengendalian pendanaan terhadap procurement, pengadaan dan penggunaan dana di setiap area, Pengendalian biaya dan profit berdasarkan semua aktivitas perusahaan
3. IM-Investment Management, Fungsi dari modul IM ini overlapping dengan fungsi yang dijalankan oleh modul TR, namun modul IM lebih spesifik ditujukan untuk menganalisis kebijakan investasi jangka panjang dan fixed assets dari perusahaan dan membantu manajemen dalam membuat keputusan.
4. EC-Enterprise Controlling, Tujuan dari modul EC adalah untuk memberikan akses bagi Enterprise Controller kepada Information Warehouse mengenai hal-hal berikut: Kondisi keuangan perusahaan- Hasil dari perencanaan dan pengendalian perusahaan, Investasi, Maintenance dari aset perusahaan, Akuisisi dan pengembangan SDM perusahaan, Kondisi pasar yang berkaitan dengan pengambilan keputusan, seperti ukuran pasar, market share, competitor performance, Faktor-faktor struktural dari proses bisnis, seperti struktur produksi, struktur biaya, financial accounting dan profitability analysis.
5.TR-Treasury, Modul TR berfungsi untuk mengintegrasikan antara cash management dan cash forecasting dengan aktivitas logistik dan transaksi keuangan.

Karena pentingnya fungsi dari financial accounting dan controlling tersebut di atas maka kami pandang perlu untuk mengadakan pelatihan SAP FI-CO yang murah dan dapat dijangkau bahkan pelatihan akan diadakan secara online.

What is SAP IDES ?

SAP IDES is a normal R/3 but with lots of DEMO data.

The system that contains several sample companies typifying relevant business processes. It is simple to use and has a variety of master and transaction data, and is used for demos, online/classroom training, and presentations. Potential customers use IDES to trial and test software via Internet.

SAP IDES – the "Internet Demonstration and Evaluation System" in the R/3 System, represents a model company. It consists of an international group with subsidiaries in several countries. IDES contains application data for various business scenarios that can be run in the SAP System. The business processes in the IDES system are designed to reflect real-life business requirements, and have access to many realistic characteristics. IDES uses easy-to-follow business scenarios to show you the comprehensive functions of the R/3 System. The focal point of IDES, however, is not the functionality itself, but the business processes and their integration.

IDES not only covers the Logistics area, but also Financials, and Human Resources. It demonstrates how the R/3 System is able to support practically all types of industries, from discrete production through to process industries, from engineering-to-order to repetitive manufacturing. However, IDES is not a sector-oriented model company. The individual processes are based on practice-oriented data for sectors such as Retailing or Banking. The IDES group manufactures products as diverse as elevators, motorcycles, and paints.

IDES is managed by SAP just as any regular business enterprise. SAP regularly updates the IDES data (master data, transaction data, and customizing). IDES also carry out period-end closing and plan with different time-horizons. Transaction data are generated to ensure that the information systems in all areas have access to realistic evaluation data. IDES are constantly implementing new, interesting business scenarios to highlight the very latest functions available in the R/3 System. New functions are represented and documented by IDES scenarios.

Above all, IDES shows you the possibilities of the integrated applications in the SAP System. IDES cover all aspects of a business enterprise, including Human Resources, Financial Accounting, Product Cost Planning, Overhead Management, Profitability Analysis, Planning, Sales and Distribution, Materials Management, Production, and much, much more. IDES have also integrated document administration and third-party CAD systems within the IDES system. This means that you can call up and display external documents, or access CAD drawings.

IDES shows you how the R/3 System supports production processes, the supply chain, and the efficient usage of global resources. Or perhaps you would like to increase your understanding of just-in-time-production or the integration of the electronic KANBAN system in an MRP II environment? IDES provides the ideal way to learn about areas such as Product Cost Controlling, Activity-Based Costing, or integrated Service Management and Plant Maintenance. How to manage high inflation is just one of the ever-growing number of IDES business scenarios that you can choose from.

SAP CO Module Other Configuration

Other configuration

After the Controlling Area, Number Ranges, and Plan Versions have been defined and maintained, then settings for the other components in the CO(Controlling) Module should be maintained. (Cost Center Accounting, Cost Element Accounting, Activity-Based Costing, Internal Orders, Product Cost Controlling, Profitability Analysis, and Profit Center Accounting. )

The Account Assignment Logic allows configuration for Validation and Substitution Rules whose purpose is to check certain input values as defined by the User.

More specifically, Validations allow for business transactions to either post or not post documents based on the criteria defined in the validation rule. Certain input conditions are checked as defined by the User and if those conditions are met then the document(s) are updated and/or posted in the system. If the condition is not met, then an error message is generated to the User with a brief explanation of the error. These messages are defined in Configuration and can be identified as a warning, error, or a note. You also have the option to deactivate messages.

Substitutions on the other hand, checks input values and replaces the values with another value if the criteria as defined is met.

Maintaining Currency and Valuation Profiles allows for the definition of valuation approaches to be used in accounting components . These valuation profiles are checked in the system when activated in the Controlling Area. Certain rules apply if there is a need to maintain the currency and valuation profiles: (1) Company Code Currency must be assigned to a legal valuation approach, (2) Valuation approaches must also be maintain in the material ledger, and (3) Profit Center valuations can only be maintained if you are using Profit Center Accounting.

The CO(Controlling)Module has multiple configuration steps that must be followed for complete implementation of this module. Each sub-component of the CO (Controlling) Module has it’s level of configuration requirements. Once you have defined your business needs in the Controlling Area, a determination can be made as to what should be configured and what you do not need.

We hope you have enjoyed reading this tutorial.

SAP CO Module Number Ranges

Number ranges

Configuration in the CO (Controlling) Modules requires maintenance of number ranges for documents generated from business transactions. A systems’ generated document number is assigned for every CO (Controlling) posting. These numbers are sequential and are required to be assigned to number range groups. The number range groups consists of two number intervals, one for internal document numbering and one for external document numbering. The SAP R/3 system keeps track of those document numbers that are externally generated and fed to SAP via batches and User manual input, otherwise, the system generates the next internally assigned document number for the transaction posted.

As previously stated when defining the Controlling Area, you have the ability to copy the Standard SAP Controlling Area “0001” which already has the number ranges defined eliminating the need for maintenance of number ranges. Keep in mind that you also have the flexibility to change number ranges and number range groups to meet your business needs. As a caution, never overlap number intervals in a group . For example, if you decide to assign number range interval 10000000 thru 199999999 to the number range group “05”, you can not assign it to number range group “06”. Number ranges should never be transported for data consistency purposes, therefore create these manually in each system.

Within the CO (Controlling) Module, you can configure Plan Versions. Maintaining Plan Versions allows for set-up of planning assumptions and determination of plan rates for allocation and plan activity purposes. The SAP Standard Version “000” is created for a five year fiscal year plan. It is recommended that the standard version be utilized for your plan/actual comparisons if you do not require multiple plan versions. SAP always allows the flexibility to create additional Plan versions by coping the Standard Version “000” and changing certain fields as required. There is also the option of defining and creating a totally new Plan Version.

SAP CO Module Configuration

Primary configuration considerations

There are several configuration steps that must be considered when implementing the CO (Controlling) Module. Creating the Controlling area is one of the first steps in the CO (Controlling) configuration process. SAP has provided standard controlling areas and company codes which can be utilized as a basis for creating your company’s Controlling Area. The SAP Standard for Controlling Area is “0001” and for company code is “0001”.

It is recommended that these be used as a basis to create the Controlling Area or Company Code that you would like to define . Certain defaults setting such as number ranges have already been set-up in the standard SAP settings, thereby eliminating the need to redo this configuration requirement. Through the SAP Configuration process, you can create a copy of the Standard Controlling Area and Company Code, then update the other fields as needed including the four character alpha numeric field which identifies these areas. (You may want to change the controlling area from “0001” to “A001” and the Company Code from “0001” to “ AA01” as an example.)

Keep in mind that Company Codes are assigned to Controlling Areas and affect the COA (Chart of Accounts), the Fiscal Year Variants, and Currency set-ups. Cost Center hierarchy and Reconciliation ledger settings are also include in the Controlling Area set-up.

The Control Indicator activates and deactivates certain functions in the Controlling Area. The Controlling Area can also be used for cross-company code business transactions. To enable this function the Controlling Area must be assigned to all company codes used for cross-company code accounting.

SAP CO Module Introduction

Introduction

The SAP CO (Controlling) Module provides supporting information to Management for the purpose of planning, reporting, as well as monitoring the operations of their business. Management decision-making can be achieved with the level of information provided by this module.

Some of the components of the CO(Controlling) Module are as follows:

· Cost Element Accounting

· Cost Center Accounting

· Internal Orders

· Activity-Based Costing ( ABC)

· Product Cost Controlling

· Profitability Analysis

· Profit Center Accounting

The Cost Element Accounting component provides information which includes the costs and revenue for an organization. These postings are automatically updated from FI (Financial Accounting) to CO (Controlling). The cost elements are the basis for cost accounting and enables the User the ability to display costs for each of the accounts that have been assigned to the cost element. Examples of accounts that can be assigned are Cost Centers, Internal Orders, WBS(work breakdown structures).

Cost Center Accounting provides information on the costs incurred by your business. Within SAP, you have the ability to assign Cost Centers to departments and /or Managers responsible for certain areas of the business as well as functional areas within your organization. Cost Centers can be created for such functional areas as Marketing, Purchasing, Human Resources, Finance, Facilities, Information Systems, Administrative Support, Legal, Shipping/Receiving, or even Quality.

Some of the benefits of Cost Center Accounting : (1) Managers can set Budget /Cost Center targets; (2) Cost Center visibility of functional departments/areas of your business; (3) Planning ; (4) Availability of Cost allocation methods; and (5) Assessments/Distribution of costs to other cost objects.

Internal Orders provide a means of tracking costs of a specific job , service, or task. Internal Orders are used as a method to collect those costs and business transactions related to the task. This level of monitoring can be very detailed but allows management the ability to review Internal Order activity for better-decision making purposes.

Activity-Based Costing allows a better definition of the source of costs to the process driving the cost. Activity-Based Costing enhances Cost Center Accounting in that it allows for a process-oriented and cross-functional view of your cost centers. It can also be used with Product Costing and Profitability Analysis.

Product Cost Controlling allows management the ability to analyze their product costs and to make decisions on the optimal price(s) to market their products. It is within this module of CO (Controlling) that planned, actual and target values are analyzed. Sub-components of the module are:

· Product Cost Planning which includes Material Costing( Cost estimates with Quantity structure, Cost estimates without quantity structure, Master data for Mixed Cost Estimates, Production lot Cost Estimates) , Price Updates, and Reference and Simulation Costing.

· Cost Object Controlling includes Product Cost by Period, Product Cost by Order, Product Costs by Sales Orders, Intangible Goods and Services, and CRM Service Processes.

· Actual Costing/Material Ledger includes Periodic Material valuation, Actual Costing, and Price Changes.

Profitability Analysis allows Management the ability to review information with respect to the company’s profit or contribution margin by business segment. Profitability Analysis can be obtained by the following methods:

· Account-Based Analysis which uses an account-based valuation approach. In this analysis, cost and revenue element accounts are used. These accounts can be reconciled with FI(Financial Accounting).

· Cost-Based Analysis uses a costing based valuation approach as defined by the User.

Profit Center Accounting provides visibility of an organization’s profit and losses by profit center. The methods which can be utilized for EC-PCA (Profit Center Accounting) are period accounting or by the cost-of-sales approach. Profit Centers can be set-up to identify product lines, divisions, geographical regions, offices, production sites or by functions. Profit Centers are used for Internal Control purposes enabling management the ability to review areas of responsibility within their organization. The difference between a Cost Center and a Profit Center is that the Cost Center represents individual costs incurred during a given period and Profit Centers contain the balances of costs and revenues.

SAP FI Module Integration Points

What are some of the integration points of the FI module?

SAP is marketed as a fully integrated system, therefore knowing some of the integration points enables the Users to better understand the Modules.

· Organization units are not only defined in FI(Financial Accounting) but also in other SAP Modules. The SD( Sales & Distribution) Module requires the set-up of Sales Organizations, Distribution Channels and Divisions ; Purchasing requires purchasing organizations, plants, and storage locations; and CO (Controlling) requires a Controlling area to be defined.

· To transfer data between FI(Financial Accounting) and CO (controlling) as well as other modules, a Company Code must be assigned to each of the Modules.

· Business Areas must be entered when generating business transactions if you would like visibility of those transactions impacting a certain BA(Business Area). You can also update your Master Records to include BA(Business Area) for example Cost Center.

· Document postings are automatically posted in the year and periods that you created in the Fiscal Year variant set-ups based on the month, start and end dates to which postings are allowed within a given period as defined.

· There are several integration points in SAP, the above lists a few .

We hope you have enjoyed reading this tutorial.

SAP FI Module More Configuration

More FI configuration considerations:

Business Area, COA, GL, Fiscal year and Currencies

Business Area is optional and is equivalent to a specific area of responsibility within your company or business segment. BA (Business Area) also allows for internal and external reporting.

Another configuration requirement for set-up in SAP are the Basic settings consisting of the following:

• Chart of Accounts(COA)
• Fiscal Year Variants.
• Currencies

The COA(Chart of Accounts) lists all General Ledger accounts that are used by the organization. It is assigned in configuration to each company code and allows for daily General Ledger postings.

The General Ledger accounts are made up of such data as account number, company code, a description of the account , classification of whether the account is a P & L Statement Account or a Balance Sheet Account.

• Control data of the GL Account is where currency is specified, Tax category (posting without tax allowed) , marking the account as a reconciliation account ( e.g. Customer, Asset, Vendors, Accounts Receivable) or not.
• Marking the G/L Account as a “reconciliation” account allows for postings to an Asset Account ( for example) as well as automatic update to the G/L Account.
• Configuration prevents direct postings to reconciliation accounts thereby assisting in maintaining integrity of the data.
• This allows reconciliation between the sub-ledger and general ledger to always be guaranteed.
• Within the General Ledger control data , you can also designate whether line item display is possible in the account. The system then stores an entry per line in an index table which links back to the account. (Display of line item details are then available for reporting purposes ,etc.)
• Open Item Indicators can be set on the G/L Account allowing for better management of open items. Examples include: Bank Clearing Accounts, GR/IR Clearing Accounts, Payroll, etc.

Fiscal Year configuration is a must and can be defined to meet your company’s reporting periods whether Fiscal (any period combination that is not calendar) or Calendar( Jan-Dec).

• Posting Periods are defined and assigned to the Fiscal Year.
• Within the periods you specify start dates and finished dates.
• SAP allows for 12 posting periods along with specially defined periods that can be used for year-end financial closing.

Currencies are another basic configuration setting requirement which defines your company’s legal means of payment by country.

• It is recommended that all Currency set-ups in SAP follow the ISO Standards.
• The ISO Standards ensure Global conformity across businesses worldwide utilizing SAP.

SAP FI Module Configuration

Primary configuration considerations:

Client, company and company code

Once a business has decided to use the SAP FI(Financial Accounting) Module, there are several Configurations prerequisite steps that must be completed.Determining the organizational structure is one of the first steps in setting up the business functions in SAP as well as your reporting requirements.

The Organizational structure is created by defining the organizational units consisting of the following:

• Client
• Company
• Company Code
• Business Area

A Client is the highest unit within an SAP system and contains Master records and Tables. Data entered at this level are valid for all company code data and organizational structures allowing for data consistency. User access and authorizations are assigned to each client created. Users must specify which client they are working in at the point of logon to the SAP system.

A Company is the unit to which your financial statements are created and can have one to many company codes assigned to it. A company is equivalent to your legal business organization. Consolidated financial statements are based on the company’s financial statements. Companies are defined in configuration and assigned to company codes. Each company code must use the same COA( Chart of Accounts) and Fiscal Year. Also note that local currency for the company can be different.

Company Codes are the smallest unit within your organizational structure and is used for internal and external reporting purposes. Company Codes are not optional within SAP and are required to be defined. Financial transactions are viewed at the company code level. Company Codes can be created for any business organization whether national or international. It is recommended that once a Company Code has been defined in Configuration with all the required settings then other company codes later created should be copied from the existing company code. You can then make changes as needed. This reduces repetitive input of information that does not change from company code to company code as well as eliminate the possibility of missed data input.

When defining company codes, the following key areas must be updated:

• Company Code Key- identifies the company code and consists of four alpha-numeric characters. Master data and business transactions are created by this key.

• Company Code Name- identifies the name of the business organization within your organizational structure.

• Address- identifies the street address, city, state, zip code for the company code created. This information is also used on correspondence and reports.

• Country- identifies the country to which your business is based. Country codes within SAP are based on ISO Standards.

• Country currency- identifies the local currency for the company code that you have defined.

• Language- identifies the language to be used for you company code and is also used for text in your documents. SAP unlike other applications, offers over thirty languages including EN( English) , ES (Spanish), FR (French), DE (German), EL (Greek), IT(Italian), AR( Arabic), ZH (Chinese) , SV (Swedish) , and JA (Japanese) to name a few.